Argumentative Essay On Illicit Drugs - 1501 Words

There are many problems on this planet. Every day that we wake up we are face with different problems. One of the most problems that we face in today society is the use of illicit drugs. It is necessary to attempt to put an end to the use of illicit drugs. Putting an end to the use of illicit drugs has always been a critical issue throughout the world. It is also one of the toughest task to complete. The use of illicit drugs is constantly growing. Despite the continuous battle against illicit drugs, the use of illicit drugs is still thriving throughout the world. With the constant effort to stop illicit drugs, why is the number of users of illicit drugs increasing daily? The little effort is not the reason why that society is failing to†¦show more content†¦The second category of illicit drugs is the one that are legal to distribute and process but are being misused by the person the drug was prescribed to. Because these drugs are being misused and being used by other perso n than the person that is prescribed to used them, they become illegal drugs. There are many types illicit drugs. Some illicit drugs are more dangerous than others. These illicit drugs are categorized. The categorization includes stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants (include alcohol), opioids, psychotherapeutics, and nicotine. Some of the most dangerous illicit drugs include cocaine, crack cocaine, LSD, Mushrooms, Ecstasy, marijuana, Heroin, PCP and the list continues. The effects these illicit drugs have are very dangerous for a human to consume. For example, the effect of cocaine creates a physical and mental arousal which is very detrimental for the person that is consuming it. It can cause the consumer to have a brain damage and can even lead to death. Moreover, heroin is another illicit drug that is dangerous if it is consume by humans. The side effect of heroin includes sense of calm, feeling warm and happy, feeling of pleasure, and absence of anxiety of pain. Some illicit d rugs users get anxiety attack once they are not able to get their hand on these illegal drugs. According to the NSDUH, in 2010 approximately 21.8 million Americans, age 12 and older, were user of illicit drugs. The most commonlyShow MoreRelatedTesting The Masses : An Argumentative Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesErik Lane Mr. Lambert English 101 16 July 2017 Testing the Masses: An Argumentative Essay In today’s society, there are many controversial issues that surround the federal and state governments, in addition, the American populace. One such issue is the testing of Welfare recipients for the use of drugs in order to receive their Welfare benefits. 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Both sides of this issueRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesillustrated the meaning and use of words; the great majority of the examples are due to him. Their merit is that they are not translations from English, but natural Igbo sentences elicited only by the stimulus of the word they illustrate. The short essays which appear from time to time (e.g. under otà ¹tà ¹, à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤gbanÌ„je) on aspects of culture are also his work, as are the sketches which served as basis for the illustrations, a large number of new words, and various features of the arrangement. When he had

Genetic Engineering Is the Key to a Better Future Free Essays

string(85) " of them states that genetic engineering is not part of the natural order of things\." In February 1997, Dolly, the first mammalian clone was born in Edinburgh, Scotland (Wilson, 2003, p104). With this achievement, the public starts to give attention towards the study of genetic engineering and recombinant of DNA. Since that successful achievement onwards, people, governments and organizations had been aroused by the genetic engineering issues. We will write a custom essay sample on Genetic Engineering Is the Key to a Better Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now The consequences of this debate had been a public protest against the use of such experimental procedures – genetic engineering. The exploration of genetic engineering is just the beginning and this field of study should not be protested because it has a lot of advantages to improve the quality of life for all. The discovery of DNA was the very beginning of genetic engineering. Before that, what is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering is also known as genetic modification which is the human manipulation of organism’s genetic material in a way that does not occur under natural conditions. It involves the use of recombinant DNA techniques, but does not include traditional animal and plant breeding or mutagenesis. Besides that, it is also the use of various methods to manipulate the DNA (genetic material) of cells to change hereditary traits or produce biological products. The techniques include the use of hybridomas (hybrids of rapidly multiplying cancer cells and of cells that make a desired antibody) to make monoclonal antibodies; gene splicing or recombinant DNA, in which the DNA of a desired gene is inserted into the DNA of a bacterium, which then reproduces itself, yielding more of the desired gene; and polymerase chain reaction, which makes perfect copies of DNA fragments and is used in DNA fingerprinting (Arora, 2007). This new technology of genetic engineering dates back to the 1950’s. In 1951 three scientists, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and James Dewey Watson, were credited with the discovery of DNA (Wilson, 2003, p1 p11). Later, they were presented the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine in 1962 (Lewin, 1984). DNA is also known as deoxyribonucleic acid and it carries a living organism’s genetic code. The discovery of DNA was the very beginning of genetic engineering. Later they were presented the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine in 1962. In 1972 Paul Berg created the first recombinant DNA molecules by combined DNA from the monkey virus SV40 with that of the lambda virus. The first genetic engineering company, Genentech, was founded by Herbert Boyer and Robert Swanson in 1976. Genetic engineering could be used to enhance people’s lives by its application to plants and animals used for food (Wilson, 2003, p115). Genetic engineering should be allowed to progress because of the potential benefits for the human species. For example, it will be possible for cows to will be genetically engineered to produce pharmaceuticals in their milk. This means that vaccination shots and pills would become obsolete. Babies could be brought up immune to diseases by simply being fed this milk. Imagine the impact on the quality of life for people who live in third world countries like Somalia. Countries could be made healthy and immune to disease. Malnutrition, a common problem in many third world countries â€Å"where impoverished people rely on a single crop such as rice for the main staple of their diet† (Whitman, 2000), could also possibly be cured with genetic engineering. Rice does not provide all of the nutrients that the body needs in third world countries and other food is very scarce. If rice or bread, another major staple, is genetically engineered to contain additional necessary vitamins and minerals then we could go a long way towards wiping out malnutrition all over the world. In addition, farmers who breed plants and animals specifically can be engineered to produce more meat or fruit, faster and easier than normal, then food would become cheaper and more plentiful. Furthermore, better tasting and more nutritious foods, fruits and vegetables with desired qualities can be produced. The area that stands to benefit the most from genetic engineering is medicine. Organ transplants and cosmetic procedures, like silicone breast implants, that may cause disease would soon cease to exist. Instead of using materials foreign to the body for such procedures, doctors will be able to manufacture bone, fat, connective tissue, or cartilage that match the patient’s tissues exactly, thus ensuring that the needed tissue will be free of rejection by their immune system. Victims of terrible accidents who deform the face and body would be able to have their features repaired with new and safer technology. Limbs for amputees would be regenerated and anyone would be able to have their appearance altered to their satisfaction without the risk of leaking silicone gel into their bodies, or the other problems that occur with present day plastic surgery. Because genetic engineering will insure acceptance by the body, those in desperate need of organ and other transplants will one-day have their prayers answered by cloning. Using one’s own cells to grow whole organs will eliminate the need for organ donors and waiting lists. Skin, brain cells, hearts, lungs, livers, and kidneys could all be produced. Those who suffer from spinal injuries, like Christopher Reeve, might one day be able to get out of their wheelchairs and walk again. Genetic engineering also has the power to cure infertility, which a painful reality that many couples throughout the world face. â€Å"The current options for infertile couples are inefficient, painful, expensive, and heart breaking† (Human Cloning Foundation). Many couples run out of time and money without successfully having children. According to the Human Cloning Foundation, less than 10 percent of the current infertility treatments are successful. Genetic engineering could make it possible for many more infertile couples to have children than ever before by boosting success rates through nuclear transfer of sperm from the father into the mother’s egg, thus creating a beautiful unique child. The exploration of genetic engineering is just the beginning but most of the society is totally against this field of study. Most of them states that genetic engineering is not part of the natural order of things. You read "Genetic Engineering Is the Key to a Better Future" in category "Essay examples" The concept that society needs to understand is that with the right amount of time and money, genetic engineering will help to reduce diseases and save many lives. Many people do not realize that genetic engineering plays a vital role in many lives throughout the world. Genetic engineering includes artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, sperm banks, cloning, and gene manipulation (Goetz, 1990). Synthetic insulin is now available for use to treat diabetes. This man made insulin has many positive aspects, which include its life span, the cost to manufacture it and the amount that is available. The synthetic insulin lasts for two to three times longer than its natural form and costs substantially less to manufacture than to extract it from an animal. One other benefit is the amount that can be manufactured. In animals, the scientists need to wait for it to mature to extract the insulin. The synthetic source is completely man made and any amount can be manufactured in large quantities. The replication of insulin is not the only way biotechnology is being utilized. Today, people receive synthetic hormones that their body cannot produce such as growth hormones, thyroid, estrogen, and testosterone. Vaccines are also another form of genetic engineering that has been used for many years. Vaccines already protect against disease to a certain extent, but for a virus like HIV, it is too risky to inject somebody with a vaccine. The reason for this is because a vaccine is a solution that contains a dead or weakened virus that has been synthetically prepared. Further work on a HIV vaccine could save many lives and possibly eliminate the disease. With the technology genetic engineering, this biotechnology makes it possible for more people to live. Other than insulin, plants are also being genetically engineered. This type of genetic engineering is more commonly accepted, but why? It is no different for a plant to be able to fight off pests then it is for a human to be able to fight off diseases. This is a contradiction, because society is saying that it is all right for a plant to be genetically engineered but not a human. Besides part of the natural order of things, people do question about the moral aspects. The moral question of genetic engineering is answered by looking at the advances in medicine. Today the advancements in medicine are evolving at high rate. If the science of genetic engineering is wrong, then so are the rest of the advances in medicine. The reason is because genetic engineering is just another form of medical advancement. Gene manipulation is not going to be used for any other purpose except for the treatment and elimination of disease. The one thing that people need to realize is the potential of genetic engineering. Try to visualize what parents of a child is dying from a disease like multiple sclerosis think about the benefits of genetic engineering. Do they think that it is morally wrong or right? They think that it is right because it is going to save their child’s life. Cloning is another form of genetic engineering that is not accepted as morally right. According to Gunter Kahl (2009), â€Å"Clone is a group of genetically identical cells or organisms originating from one single ancestral cell or organism. The term ‘Clone’ originates from Greek word ‘Klon’, which means ‘twig’ †. For example, to clone a human heart, scientist does not have to clone the whole person. They only need to clone the heart by itself. There would be no purpose in cloning a person, because it offers science little or no benefits. If somebody is cloned, it does not mean it will be the same person in every way. It only means that their genetic makeup will be exactly alike. The environment in which they grow up plays a major role in the development of the person’s personality. Safety of genetic engineering is also something that presents as a concern. Today the Federal and State Governments set many limitations on biotechnological industries. The FDA and State Governments impose limits such as the illegalization of human cloning and limits on other genetic engineering processes. The only legal forms of genetic engineering that are used today are in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination, and sperm banks. Another form of genetic engineering is the use of gene therapy. Gene therapy is illegal because people should not be able to create the perfect child, but they should be able to correct a gene in a child if it has a chance of being born with Down syndrome. The safety precautions are the effect in order to save the lives of unborn babies. Gene therapy cannot be used on humans until it is perfected and when there is not even little or no chance of failure. These sciences are not perfect but giving it a few years to improve it then it will be a great benefit to the human race. Cloning is also related to the safety issue in genetic engineering. In terms cloning, it is not safe to clone a human. It took 277 trials to successfully clone Dolly the sheep. This should not stop scientists from trying to clone organs that could save many lives. Currently three states banned the cloning of humans. Among the states are Michigan, Rhode Island, and California. The state banns will stay in effect for five years in California and Rhode Island. In the state of Michigan, if convicted of attempting or cloning a human there is a number of penalties, including a ten-year prison sentence. With this amount of time, the scientists will have perfected the process of cloning and it will be accepted more than it is now. The safety regulations of cloning only extend to human cloning at the present time. This is due to the fact that cloning is not perfect and some abnormalities and failures may have come about in this new technology. Society cannot expect to be perfect the first time it does something, but merely get better as they practice. The more tests that are done on bacteria, plants, and organisms the more effective genetic engineering will benefit human life in the future. Scientists are also able to detect abnormalities in the cloned organism before it has even started to develop. By monitoring the DNA of the organism, scientists can decide if the clone will be able to further develop. If it is not able to then the process can be terminated. With all the benefits mentioned earlier, genetic engineering does bring a lot of advantages for all. However, most people throughout the world still feel that the issue of genetic engineering is unethical (Wilson, 2003, p133). Even though genetic engineering is a new aspect of our technological research, it should, at all costs, be allowed to develop further. The possible benefits from genetic engineering are endless. Genetic engineering, then, is a tool that humans can use to cure many of their problems. The possibilities are endless if only we do not let ourselves be restricted by those who are afraid of the unknown. The people of the world should ease up on holding back the evolution of science and realize its possibilities for future generations. How to cite Genetic Engineering Is the Key to a Better Future, Essay examples

Final Draft World Poverty free essay sample

Lack of nourishment and potable water supply; Industrial and technological backwardness. Affected agents: Adults Children. Effects of the poverty: 1. High mortality rate; 2. Spread of infectious diseases (ex. AIDS, diarrhea); 3. Illiteracy. Ill. The first feasible solution intended to the decline of World Poverty rate is the exporting commodities and rough materials from impoverished countries to the developed states with the International organizations encouragement. A. Advantages: 1) Accumulation of foreign exchange for external debts payment; 2) Involvement into Global market. World Poverty 3 B. Disadvantages: 1) Unequal trade conception; 2) Economic reliance on the specific production; 3) Alienation from industrial capital and real technology transfer. IV. Another considerable approach for the poverty adjustment is the micromanage system based upon financial services provided by the International governmental and non-governmental institutions. A. Advantages: 1) Access to legal employment; 2) Possibility for necessitous groups of population to operate their own tiny enterprises; 3) Fundamental improvement of living standards. 1) Long term project for accomplishment; 2) Expensiveness. V. And the last and more effective solution in the global process of V/roll Poverty eradication is the active humanitarian intervention. A. Advantages: 1) Rise of International cooperative work. 2) Improvement Of clean water and food supply; 3) Professional health care assistance; 4) Increase of literacy through implementation of educational programs; B. Disadvantages: 1) Donations related policy; 2) One-sided solution. World Poverty 4 VI. Conclusion. Hence, as a result of the huge deleterious effect of Global penuries, international actors should implement some essential policies in order to eradicate this problem. World Poverty 5 problem and Solution essay. World Poverty Life Life is the only treasure that a human being possesses. However, due to some tragic circumstances this valuable riches could be lost forever. It is extremely painful to realize that someone could deprive his or her life simply because of the shortage of potable water or food supply. According to the contemporary article Poverty Facts and Stats near one and a half million people die from hunger and famine-related diseases every year (Shah, 2010). This horrifying statistic explicitly points out the depth of a challenging social ND economic situation in the World. In fact, growing interest to the problem of poverty optimistically convinces that despite the complexity of the issue global communities take it into careful consideration and attempt to improve this sphere of social life in the nearest future. Nevertheless, a threat of the World Poverty is still an unresolved significant dilemma of the modernity; therefore International organizations must urgently arrange some efficient anti-poverty measures in order to adjust severe destitution. Initially, in order to consider the phenomena of World beggary it is vitally essential to accurately define the very notion of poverty. British sociologist Peter Townsend (as cited in Gordon, 1995) provided the scientific explanation of the term pauperism (from Latin poor) as the state Of seriously limited individual or family resources excluded from ordinary living patterns, customs and activities (Gordon, 2002, p. 3). Thus, regarding this conception of squalor it could be mentioned that poverty generally refers to material conditions, such as low standard of living and malnutrition, and economic status dependent from a scarcity of income support (An introduction to Social Policy, 2007). Furthermore, any existing problem indisputably has some causes which have provoked a series of difficulties connected with a World Poverty issue. Hence, there are three major reasons of the penuries trend emergence deduced by Knap Shah (2009). World Poverty 6 Meanwhile, the first cause is the huge external debts of poverty-stricken countries which they hardly may defray due to the unsustainable industrial market development. For instance, with reference to the official World Bank data (as cited in Jansen, 201 0) overall debt of the developing countries in 006 made up approximately three trillion dollars; admittedly, only after several decades this loan would be repaid. Additionally, the second significant factor affected to global necessity is a food deficit and a lack of potable water supply. Nowadays near 800 million people in the World suffer from a chronic undernourishment and inadequate access to clean water, which subsequently leads to anti-sanitarian living conditions and weak immune system (Shah, 2010). Technological and industrial backwardness of poverty- stricken countries could be considered as the third precondition to the mass poverty. Despite dramatic technological progress there are still vulnerable regions deprived of some modern technical devices; it is a striking feature that thousands of females in the African continent spend several hours each day extracting and collecting water for their families (World Poverty: Problems, n. D. ). Generally, there are two broad categories of population captured under the influence of disastrous deprivations -? adults and children. These groups were selected by the age approach; they differ from each other by mortality level mostly. Also, it is necessary to emphasize that the high retaliatory rate is the one of negative destitution impacts. On average, infant death trend always prevails adults one because young immune system might not resist appalling life conditions for a long period of time. According to UNESCO statistics eleven million children under the age of five die annually, in comparison, with adult mortality rate which constitutes 2 million victims of penuries per year (Eradication of Poverty, 2004). Another aspect of World Poverty is a spread of infectious diseases such as AIDS and diarrhea. As it was mentioned in the article World Poverty: Problems (n. D. Every fifteen second AIDS kills off one person, whereas contagious disease diarrhea, provoked by poor hygiene facilities, takes away more than one and a half million human lives each year. And the next problem of beggary is World Poverty 7 a mass illiteracy. Nearly a billion people entered the 21st century unable to read a book or sign their names (Shah, 2010, p. 2). On the whole, the issue of the Global Penuries is extremely important to comprehend for further deliberation of possible solutions. The first feasible solution intended to the decline of World Poverty rate is the exporting commodities and rough trials from impoverished countries to the developed states with the International organizations encouragement. It means that foreign investments could easily penetrate into economies of developing countries with the major purpose of exporting natural resources and semi-products (Major Cause of Poverty-structural Adjustment, 2010). This solution is quite achievable due to the forces of Globalization; however it has some vulnerable points. First of all, among the considerable advantages of this proposal is an accumulation of foreign exchange for external debts payment by poverty- trickle countries, which actually do not utilize currency from abroad within their state. Another benefit from exporting rough materials is the ability to be involved into Global market, i. E. Try to import finished products from overseas (Major Cause of Poverty-Structural Adjustment, 2010). At the same time unequal trade conception appears while imported commodities cost rather more than exported products. In addition this commercial exchange situation postpones the feasibility for developing country to defray a number of huge external debts. Moreover, simple selling of favorable production for the World market rapidly provokes economic reliance on the specific materials. For example, nowadays roughly fifty developing countries are dependent from three or even two commodities of their export income (Shah, 201 0, p. 4). As a rule, despite the gradual capability Of economic influence Of poor states in the Global market, anyway these countries would be always aliened from industrial capital and real technology transfer. Apparently, the number of considered advantages of this solution is rather lower than the quantity of disadvantages. Thus, first solution of the World Poverty could be basically oilfield if World Poverty 8 International organizations would coordinate all commercial operations between developed and developing countries with an extreme caution. Another considerable approach for the poverty adjustment is the micromanage system based upon financial services provided by the International governmental and non-governmental institutions. This new type of destitute alleviation model would provide poor classes to get personal loans for reaching self-sufficient status (World Poverty Challenges and Solutions, n. D. ). With the micromanage subsidies held by giant state and international corporations local businesses in developing countries will start to appear; this trend could lead to some positive changes within the state which more likely to be accomplished. Obviously, as a result of such kind of innovative policy many individuals would get access to legal and regular employment. Another benefit of this solution is that the necessitous groups of population would possess purport unity to operate their own tiny enterprises corresponding some regional requirements such as selling sun hats, vegetables or fruits and etc. Furthermore, after accepting micromanage yester the majority of citizens will fundamentally improve their living standards because of entrepreneur profitability. Nonetheless, with the regard to some weak points of this solution it might be mentioned that micromanage program is the long term project (World Poverty Challenges and Solutions, n. D. ). Obviously, the number of benefits of the proposed policy penlights some apparent drawbacks. Also, besides the definitive productivity of proposed anti-poverty economic measures the expensiveness of its accomplishment could be considered as the mostly negative side of the second solution. And the last and more effective solution in the global process of World Poverty eradication is the active humanitarian intervention. Thus, being one the most efficient tools in terms of global penuries reduction humanitarian intervention follows the great mission of preserving common humanity from sufferings caused by military conflict or social crisis (Chomsky, 1994). The feasibility of implementation of such anti-poverty measures is quite World Poverty 9 realistic because the reasonable benefits of Global eradication of problem through volunteer intervention outweigh permanent risk of failure. So, if observe the list of advantages of the last solution it could be noticed that the rise of International cooperative work is the first beneficial margin among the rest three. Basically, the promise Of humanitarian intervention could be fulfilled only in case of a strong collaborative work between World International organizations which is extremely important for achieving the real progress and consolidation of peaceful relations between states (Branding, 2010). The second valuable advantage is the improvement of clean water and food supply which will remarkably increase sanitarian conditions ND prevent chronic malnutrition problems. The third significant idea is that humanitarian interventions activities would be supported by some professional health care assistance which is especially necessary in rural areas with a wide spread of contagious diseases. And the last advantage of this solution is the decline of illiteracy among aborigine population. It is amazing, but still more than one hundred twenty million children stay out of education worldwide (Shah, 2010). Thus, rising up the level of minimum education in the squalor regions became an arduous task which could be aired out only after a few decades. At the same time UNESCO has already started to implement some elementary educational programs in third world countries as the part of poverty reduction strategy (Eradication of Poverty, 2004). Significant development of preferably tech analogical capacities through training on appropriate knowledge and skills will allow future professional workers to achieve better life opportunities and always be involved into paid labor. Nevertheless, in the article World Poverty: causes and solutions (n. D. ) there were presented several disadvantages concerning the solution eased upon humanitarian intervention. Hence, one of the weakest positions of the last solution is its donation related policy which might be in many cases unstable or only party effective. Moreover, it is one-sided solution because inevitably developing countries would try to rely on the International loans and programs rather than improve businesses inside their own countries. Overall, taking both sides of the World Poverty 10 arguments into consideration, it is clear that the humanitarian intervention is the most efficient solution among three suggested. Hence, as a result of he huge deleterious effect of Global penuries, international actors should implement some essential policies in order to eradicate this problem. The World Poverty is the extensive and versatile problem which requires very careful analytical approach for dealing with. Thus, with regard to the complexity of this issue many-sided solutions should be instantly arranged as well.